Cat ate part of a plant and is throwing up?

I was like 99% sure this plant wasn't toxic but he's been throwing up some of the leaves which he chewed and ate behind my back. I can't find ANY information on this plant! I got it at Lowe's and the sticker on it said "10 Ponytail Sienna/ half barrel 1gal" Is this plant poisonous? It kind of looks like a little palm tree. Thank you for your answers and yes, the plant it out on the deck now so he can't get to it.